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What worms do people have?

The cause of many diseases and poor health is infection with helminths.Various worms can penetrate the human body.Their sizes vary from the smallest millimeter to 16-18 meters.Parasitizing all organs and tissues, they cause great damage to health.In order to protect yourself from infestation (infection), it is advisable to know what types of worms there are and understand how you can become infected with each type of parasite.

parasite from the human body

Types of worms - what parasites live in the human body

Depending on the location of the parasites in the body and the characteristics of the infection, parasites are divided into several classes.

Classification of worms according to their location in the human body:

  1. gutare worms that live in the gastrointestinal tract, mainly in the small intestine.Sometimes they penetrate other organs.This group includes tapeworms and roundworms.
  2. Extraintestinal- develops, lives and reproduces in various organs outside the intestine.They can be localized in the lungs, eyes, brain and liver.This group includes flatworms.
worm from the human body

Classification of worms depending on the method of entry into the human body:

  1. Infectious- is transmitted from an infected person to a healthy person during contact.Another source of infection is household items: towels, toys.Representatives of this species are dwarf tapeworms and pinworms.
  2. Biohelminthoses- transmitted by contact with an animal, by eating contaminated meat that has not undergone sufficient heat treatment.To be potentially dangerous to humans, these parasites must live in the body of an intermediate host for a certain period of time.This species includes beef and pork tapeworms.
  3. Geohelminthoses- part of the life cycle is spent in the human body, and part in the soil.This is a necessary condition for their development.You can get infected through improperly washed vegetables and fruits.This group includes roundworms and trichinae.

Depending on their biological characteristics, helminths are divided into three types - roundworms, tapeworms, flukes.

tapeworm from the human body

Roundworms (nematodes)

Roundworms are so called because their bodies are round in cross-section.These parasites are most often found in children's bodies.This type includes:

  1. Pinworms- parasitises large and small intestines.Their body length does not exceed 1 cm.Helminthic infection with pinworms often affects children.These parasites live for 1-2 months.If you strictly follow personal hygiene, you can recover without taking medicine.If this is not followed, re-infection is possible.
  2. Roundworms– worms up to 45 cm long that parasitize the small intestine.They can move freely in the intestines.Their lifespan is 14 months.During this period, toxins that systematically poison the body are released into the blood.
  3. whipped up- worms with a body length of 3-4 cm.They parasitize the large intestine and the intestine, digging into the mucous membrane to suck blood.Very toxic.They live up to 5 years.
  4. Trichinella– a parasite with a length of 3-4 mm can be infected through insufficiently heat-treated meat.Helminths live in various organs, settle in the muscles of the eyes, heart and lungs.The lifespan is up to 2 years.
  5. Corn borer and nekator- have the same biological characteristics, development period and method of parasitism, therefore they are united under the same name "hookworms".These helminths, which are 10-15 mm long, are localized in the duodenum.When they come into contact with contaminated soil, they enter the human body through the skin.They bite off blood vessels and feed on blood, which causes iron deficiency anemia.This parasite is difficult to identify.
trichinella from the human body

Tapeworms (cestodes)

A tapeworm has a flat body divided into segments.As the worm grows, the segments separate from the body and are excreted in the feces.The length of these ribbon-shaped individuals can be up to 20 m.They are parasites in the intestines, where they stick to its walls using suckers.

In order to infect a person, tapeworms must go through one of the stages of development in the animal's body.

These parasites live in the body for years.Representatives of this group:

  1. Broad tapeworm- It reaches a length of up to 20 m.Parasitic in the small intestine, causing serious dysfunction of the digestive tract.You can get infected by eating uncooked meat of freshwater fish and crustaceans.
  2. Taurus built a ribbon- a helminth 6-12 m long.It lives in the small intestine, it is attached to the mucous membrane by suction cups.The source of infection is beef that has not undergone proper heat treatment.
  3. He built pork– a parasite up to 2 m long that enters the body through raw or undercooked pork.It adheres to the walls of the small intestine.
  4. Echinococcus– a parasite that can be transmitted from cats and dogs.A person is an intermediate host for this helminth, therefore, when entering the body, the larvae penetrate tissues, any organs and form echinococcal cysts.They can only be removed surgically.
  5. Alveococcus- a type of echinococcus.Very dangerous helminths that can live in any organs, but primarily parasitize the liver.They actively grow and develop according to the principle of cancer metastases, gradually infecting the whole body.Worms can be surgically removed.
pork from humans was born

Flukes (trematodes)

Flukes are a type of worm that parasitizes any organs and tissues.They feed on epithelial cells.Their length reaches 1.5 m.Its body is leaf-shaped.The way of infection is after raw consumption of fish and seafood or insufficient heat treatment.This type includes:

  1. Liver swelling- A worm 7-20 mm long.Parasitic in the liver and bile ducts.It causes the development of serious diseases and functional disorders.
  2. Fluke– 4-13 mm long worm localized in the gall bladder.
fluke in the gall bladder

Symptoms - signs of worms in humans

How exactly helminthosis manifests itself depends on the type of worms that infect the body and their number.The main symptoms of helminthic infection:

  • diarrhea or constipation;
  • swelling, swelling;
  • pain in muscles and joints;
  • anemia;
  • allergic reactions;
  • dermatitis;
  • weight problems - weight loss or obesity;
  • sleep disorder;
  • irritability, nervousness, depression;
  • apathy, fatigue;
  • cough, inflammation of the respiratory tract;
  • weakened immunity.
insomnia as a symptom of worms in the body

How to tell if you have worms

If symptoms appear that may indicate the presence of worms, it is worth diagnosing.The following tests will help identify parasites:

  1. Stool examination.
  2. Blood test.
  3. Study of duodenal secretions.
  4. Analysis of perianal and rectal mucus.
  5. Ultrasound, tomography, endoscopy.

If you take the test 3-4 times with an interval of several days, you can be sure of the diagnostic result.One analysis is not enough to confirm the absence of helminthic infection.

The human body can be affected by one type of worm or several times.All of them, regardless of their size, cause serious health problems and are the cause of complex chronic diseases that cannot be treated for years.To eliminate the risk of infection, it is necessary to carry out periodic diagnostics and preventive treatment.This is especially true for pet owners.